Dhukkubni koleeraa maalirraa nama qaba? Akkamiiin daddarbaa?
Dhukkubni kun yeroo ammaa biyya keenya kessatti haala adda ta’een namoota dhukkubsachiisuufi lubbuu galafaachuu akka eegale midiyaaleefi qaamoleen dhimma fayyaa hawaasaa adda addaa himaa jiru. Kanaaf mee waa’ee koleera kana akkaataa itti nama qabu, yaalaafi ittisasaa haala armaan gadii kanaan haa ilaallu.
Dhukkubni koleeraa baakteriyaa Vibrio cholerae jedhamtu kan gosoota 200 ol qabuun kan nama qabudha. Gosoota baakteeriyaa Vibrio Cholerae kana keessaa kan dhukkuba teessisaa kanaaf sababa ta’an gosoota lamadha, isaanis ‘V. cholerae of the O1 and O139 serotypes kanneen jedhamanidha. Baakteeriyaan koleeraa kun erga qaama namaa seentee sa’aatii muraasaa haga guyyaa shanii gidduutti mallattoo agarsiisuu eegala.
Dhukkubni koleeraa baay’inaan kan daddarbu nyaataafi dhugaatii baakteeriyaa dhukkuba kana qabsiisuun faalame yoo namoonni fayyadamanidha. Yeroo tokko tokko maddi nyaataafi dhugaatii namoota hedduu tajaajilu yoo baakteeriyaa kanaan faalame altakkaatti namoota kumatama qabsiisee naannoof sodaachisaa ta’uu danda’a. Fakkeenyaaf maddi bishaan dhugaatii akka boombaafi hooteela keessatti illee waanti akkanaa uumamauu mala. Baakteeriyaan kun erga liqimsamee garaa seenee booda hedduunsaanii baakteeriyaa garaachaatiin kan dhuman yoo ta’u, kanneen muraasni immoo nyaata keessa dhokachuudhaan dandamatanii mar’umaan qal’aa bira dhaqqabu. Haalonni biroo akka baakteeriyaan kun asidii garaachaa dandamatee gara mar’umaan qal’aatti darbu taasisu keessaa: altakkaatti baakteeriyaa hedduu liqimsuu, qoorichoota baakteeriyaa gaarachaa hir’isan akka (antacids) shirooppii farra asidii garaachaa kan dhukkubbii garaachaaf fudhataman yoo fudhataa kan jiran ta’efi nyaanni yoo garaacha keessa kan dafee darbu ta’edha. Erga ittisa kana darbanii mar’umaan qa’aa qaqqabanii booda dhangala’aa qaama keessaa bifa teesisuufi balaqqamsiisuu (haqqeetiin) gadi guuruu eegalu.
Dhukkubni Koleeraa mallattoolee akkamii argisiisaa
Baakteeriyaan koleeraa kun qaama namaa keessa seenus namoota hunda irratti dhukkuba koleeraa hinfidu. Namoota hedduu keessatti utuu dhukkuba hinqabsiisiin mallattoo tokko otoo hinargisiisiin darba. Namoota muraasa irratti garuu mallattoofi dhukkuba koleeraa fida. Mallattoon dhukkuba koleeraa salphaa (Mild cholera) dhukkuboota teessisan mallattoo xiqqaa argisiisan akka ameebaa irraa baay’ee addaa hinba’u. mallattoo inni argisiisu keessaa: bobbaa qal’aa akka bishaanii teessisuu (watery diarrhea)fi waan akka furrii kan of keessaa qabudha. Mallattooleen akka bobbaa dhiiga qabu, haqqee (balaqqama) koleeraa salphaa irratti hinargaman.
Dhukkubni Koleeraa cimaan (Severe Cholera) sa’atii muraasa keessatti balqqama (haqqee)fi bobbaa (teessisaa) irraan dhangala’aa qaamaa keessa haga liitira baay’ee baasuudhaan dadhabsiisuufi miidhuudhaan haga lubbuu dabarsuu ga’a. Dhangala’aan sababa koleeraan qaama keessaa ba’u kun elektiroolaaytitota jireenya lubbuu namaaf murteessoo ta’an akka soodiyeemii, potaasiyeemiifi kanneen biroo fudhatee ba’uudhaan rakkoo lammataa geessisa. Elektiroolaayitoonni kun bakka hinbuufaman taanaan salphaadhumatti lubbuu namaa dabarsuu danda’u. Dhukkubni kooleeraa cimaan kun yoo yaala kan hinarganne ta’e namoota qabate keesaa haga peersantii 50 haga 70 lubbuu galaafachuu mala. Kana jechuun kooleeraan cimaan namoota kudhan qabate yoo kan yaala kamiyyuu hinarganne ta’e keessa haga nama torbaa lubbuu galaafachuu mala. Keessumaa irra caalaan daa’immaniifi dubartoota ulfaa irratti miidhaan geessisu ol’aanaadha.
Dhukkubni kooleeraa akkamiin yaalamaa?
Yaalli dhukkuba koleeraa osoo laabiraatiin hinmirkaneessiin dafee jalqabuu qaba. Sababni isaan dhangala’aan qaama keessaa ba’u lubbuu galaafachuudhaaf yeroo waan hinkennineef akkuma qabameen jalqaba yaaliin geggeefamuu qaba.
Yaalli inni jalqabaafi baay’ee barbaachisaa ta’e dhangala’aa qaama keessaa gadi ba’e bakka buusuudha. Kunis kan bakka bu’u Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) kan namni kamuu mana qorichaa irraa bitatee bishaaniin bulbuluudhaan dhuguu danda’udha. Bulbulli (solution) kun elektroolaayitoota armaan olitti dhukkubni kun nama keessaa gadi guuruufi dhangala’aa ba’u bakka buusuudhaan carraa lubbuun darbuu nama koleeraan qabamee gara persentii tokkootti gadi buusuu danda’a. Kana jechuun yoo dhangala’aa kana kan fudhatan ta’e namoonni koleeraan qabaman 100 keessaa haga nama tokkoo qofatu lubbuun darbuu danda’a jechuudha. Yoo sadarkaan dhangala’aa qaama keessaa gadi ba’ee ol’aanaa ta’e immoo mana yaalaattii karaa ujummoo dhigaa dhangala’aan ga’aaan kennamuufi qaba. Qorichi farra baakteeriyaa (antibiotics) kanaas mana yaalaa irraa ni kennamaaf. Qorichi kun garuu turtii dhukkuba Sanaa hir’isuuf malee lubbuu baraaruu irratti ga’ee guddaa hinqabu.
Dhukkubni Koleeraa akkamiin ittifamaa?
Dhukkubni koleeraa kun kan dhufu walumaagalatti rakkoo qulqullina bishaanii, nyaataa, kan naannawaafi nama dhuunfaa irraan waan ta’eef qulqullina eeguu irratti xiyyeeffachuun dhukkuba kana ittisuu keessatti ga’ee ol’aanaa qaba. Haalumaa kanaan maloota ittiin qulqullina eegan keessaa kanneen armaan gadii shanan koleeraa nurraa dhorkuudhaaf ga’ee olaanaa waan qabaniif keessumaa yeroo ammaa kana yeroo dhukkubni koleeraan namoota hedduu irratti argamaa jirutti fayyadamuun lubbuu ofiif kunuunsa ga’aa gochuu qabna.
- Yeroo mana fincaanii deemnee deebinu, nyaata qopheessuun dura, nyaata qopheessuun booda, nyaata nyaachuun dura, nyaata nyaachuun booda, akkasumas nama dhukkuba kanaan qabameef kunuunsa yeroo kenninu harka keenyaa saamunaafi bishaan qulqulluudhaan dhiqachuun dirqama.
- Bishaan maddi isaa qulqulluu ta’e yoo arganne fayyadamuu yookaan ammoo keemikaalaafi danfisuudhaan qulqulleessinee dhuguun ofirraa ittisuudha.
- Yoo bobbaa ba’an mana fincaanii qofatti ba’uu yookaan boolla bobbaan itti ba’amu qopheessuun itti fayyadamuu, bakkee irrattiifi maddeen bishaanii cinaatti tasumaa bobbaa ba’uu dhiisuu.
- Nyaata seeraan bilcheessanii nyaachuu, yoo kan olkaa’an ta’e sirriitti qadaadanii kaa’uu, utuu hedduu hinturiin ho’aatti nyaachuu.
- Ququllina naannoo, kan mana keessaa, kan mana fincaanii, bakka uffata miicaniifi kan kana fakkatan eeguu.
Horaa Bulaa
“Fayyaan Faaya”
Dr. Gurmeessaa Hinkoosaa
Doktara fayyaa yoo ta’an Koolleejjii Medikaala
Hospitaala Kiddus Phaawuloosiitti baratan. Wayita
ammaa Yuniivarsiitii Arsiitti barsiisaa jiru.
Bariisaa Sanbataa Waxabajjii 29/2011
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