The Adwa Victory is indeed a powerful and significant event in Ethiopian history that holds great importance in the hearts of many Africans. Historical records of the Adwa Victory paint a vivid picture of the fierce battle that took place on the mountains of Adwa. Ethiopian warriors, armed with spears, swords, and firearms, strategically outmaneuvered and outsmarted the well-equipped Italian forces, who were ill-prepared for the challenging terrain and harsh conditions of the Ethiopian highlands.
On 17 September 1895, the then Ethiopian great Emperor Menelik II declared an all-out mobilization of his army against the Fascist Italy. He called on all Ethiopians to defend their country, family and religion from foreign invaders. Over 100,000 Ethiopian men and women from all corners and from all tribes, cultures and community accepted his call and converged at Adwa. Regional leaders from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds responded unanimously creating an army of 100,000.
On March 01, 1896, the decisive day came. Early that morning, war broke out at Adwa. Menelik’s army had traveled over thousands of kilometers and was away for six months. Supply and logistics was much of a problem. Hence, the Emperor employed deception against the invasion Italian forces. That was why the Italian forces thought that on the Ethiopian Patron Saint day, St. George, Ethiopians would not fight and they started their offensive acts. The main and the actual engagement of the war lasted for half a day.
The outcome of the battle ensured Ethiopia’s independence, making it the only African country, in the high time of colonialism, never to be colonized. The victory put Ethiopia boldly on the map of the world. The result of the war totally changed global politics and Europeans’ views towards Africa in general and Ethiopia in particular.
The Battle of Adwa, fought on March 1, 1896, was a decisive victory for Ethiopian forces against the invading Italian army. It was a significant event not only in Ethiopian history but also in the broader context of African resistance against colonialism. The Victory at Adwa shattered the myth of African inferiority and served as a powerful symbol of resilience and determination. The Victory becomes a real catalyst for other African countries to fight fiercely and become independent.
The Battle of Adwa, fought on March 1, 1896, between the Ethiopian Empire led by Emperor Menelik II and the invading Italian forces under the command of General Oreste Baratieri, resulted in a resounding victory for the Ethiopians. This victory not only secured Ethiopia’s independence but also shattered the myth of European invincibility in Africa.
According to the renowned Ethiopian Historian, Professor Bahiru Zewde, the Victory of Adwa has significant contributions for Pan-Africanist movement that came in the 20th centuries.
In the late 19th century, European powers were scrambling to colonize and exploit African territories. Italy, with avid interest to establish its own colonial empire, set its sights on Ethiopia. Ignoring previous treaties and agreements, the Italians launched an invasion of Ethiopia in 1895, seeking to establish dominance over the region. However, Emperor Menelik II was not one to back down without a fight. He mobilized his army and rallied the Ethiopian people to defend their homeland against foreign aggression.
On March 1, 1896, the two forces met on the battlefield near the town of Adwa in northern Ethiopia. The Ethiopian army, composed of warriors from various ethnic groups and religions, displayed remarkable unity and coordination in the face of the Italian onslaught. Despite being outnumbered and outgunned, the Ethiopians fought with fierce determination and skill. The battle raged on for several hours, with both sides suffering heavy casualties. In the end, it was the Ethiopian forces that emerged victorious, delivering a devastating blow to Italian colonial ambitions in the region.
Accordingly, the Victory of Adwa holds great significance not only for Ethiopia but for the entire African continent. It was the first time that an African nation had successfully defeated a European colonial power in a major battle. The defeat of the Italians at Adwa disproved the misconception of European superiority and invincibility, inspiring other African nations to resist colonial domination. The victory also served as a powerful symbol of African unity, pride, and resilience in the face of adversity.
Ancient Ethiopian patriots are deeply connected to the history and significance of the Adwa Victory.
Currently, members of the Ethiopian Ancient Patriots’ Association are working to inherit the then patriots’ glorious victories to the youngest generations.
Member of Ethiopian Ancient Patriots’ Association Patriot Dagnachew Temesgen told The Ethiopian Herald that every member of the Association is dedicated to preserving the heritage and history of Ethiopia.
According to him, the patriots are passionate about educating the new generation on the rich cultural and historical aspects of the country, including key moments such as the Adwa Victory. The new generation should understand that the Victory of Adwa is a source of national pride and symbolizes the bravery and determination of those who fought to defend their homeland.
Moreover, the Victory of Adwa remains a source of pride and inspiration for Ethiopians and Africans worldwide. It is a reminder of the strength and courage of those who fought against injustice and oppression. The legacy of Adwa continues to resonate in modern Ethiopia, where it is celebrated annually as a national holiday. The victory has also left a lasting impact on the collective memory of Africans, serving as a beacon of hope and empowerment for future generations.
In sum, the Victory of Adwa stands as a shining testament to the bravery, resilience, and determination of the Ethiopian people in the face of colonial aggression. This historic event continues to inspire and resonate with people around the world as a symbol of African unity and defiance against imperialism. As we reflect on the significance of this momentous victory, let us remember the sacrifices made and the lessons learned from the Battle of Adwa.
THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD SATURDAY 2 MARCH 2024
