Ethiopia’s historical adversaries have long sought to distance the nation from the Red Sea, yet their efforts have ultimately failed. The rationale for this separation was politically, economically, and legally untenable. Today, Ethiopia’s aspiration for maritime access is garnering significant international support from countries such as Italy, Israel, and France.
It is essential to recognize that leaving 120 million people without access to the sea is not a viable option. A constructive, give-and-take approach is necessary for the common good. Access to the sea is crucial for both economic and social development. For landlocked nations, the absence of direct maritime routes results in considerable economic disadvantages.
Seaports function as vital gateways for international trade, facilitating the import and export of goods. It enables countries to engage in global markets, attract foreign investment, and create job opportunities. Conversely, landlocked nations often face heightened transportation costs, limited market access, and a greater dependency on neighboring countries for trade routes, thereby stifling their development potential across various sectors, including infrastructure, education, and healthcare.
Ethiopia, as one of Africa’s largest landlocked countries, has been acutely aware of these challenges. Historically reliant on neighboring nations for port access, Ethiopia has displayed remarkable leadership in its quest for maritime connections. Under Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, the country has actively pursued diplomatic relations with coastal nations, particularly those in the Horn of Africa, to secure reliable access to ports.
Ethiopia’s commitment to peaceful engagement is evident in its approach to securing maritime access. By fostering collaborative relationships with countries like Djibouti, which hosts the primary port used by Ethiopia, the nation aims to create a sustainable and mutually beneficial trade framework. This effort is critical not only for Ethiopia’s economic ambitions but also for regional stability and integration.
The Red Sea countries have a unique opportunity to respond constructively to Ethiopia’s aspirations. By recognizing the mutual benefits of enhanced cooperation, these nations can contribute to a more stable and prosperous region. Collaborative initiatives could be through investment in infrastructure. The coastal nations can enhance port facilities and transportation networks to accommodate increased trade volumes, benefiting both landlocked and coastal countries.
It can develop bilateral agreements that could promote mutual respect and benefit. Establishing trade agreements that streamline customs processes and reduce tariffs can facilitate smoother trade flows and foster economic interdependence.
The other area that could be dealt with is establishing regional security cooperation. Ensuring maritime security is essential for uninterrupted trade. Collaborative security initiatives can mitigate risks related to piracy and territorial disputes, creating a safer environment for economic activities.
Last but not the least; it could be possible through enhancing cultural and educational exchange among the regional countries. Promoting cultural understanding and educational exchanges can strengthen ties between nations, fostering goodwill and cooperation across various sectors.
True access to the sea is indispensable for the development of landlocked countries. Ethiopia’s proactive efforts to secure port access illustrate a determined approach to overcoming geographical limitations. In this context, Red Sea countries can play a pivotal role in fostering regional stability and economic growth by responding positively to Ethiopia’s aspirations. By embracing collaboration and mutual benefit, nations in the region can pave the way for a more prosperous future.
International support for Ethiopia’s quest for maritime access is evident. For instance, the Italian Ambassador to Ethiopia, Agostino Palese, affirmed that Ethiopia’s aspirations are legitimate, emphasizing that peaceful negotiations are the best path forward. In an interview with Gazetta Plus, he stated, “Every problem presents an opportunity,” highlighting Ethiopia’s determination as well-founded. He expressed optimism that through dialogue, Ethiopia could secure essential trade access to the sea.
Ambassador Palese also addressed regional security concerns, acknowledging that instability in the Red Sea has disrupted trade, impacting Italy’s imports. He emphasized Ethiopia’s role as a stabilizing force in the Horn of Africa, noting that resolving internal challenges is vital for this potential.
Italy has demonstrated its commitment to Ethiopia through substantial investment in development and humanitarian aid, totaling $350 million in less than three years. This support has reached various regions, including Tigray, Oromia, Amhara, Afar, and the Somali states.
Similarly, Israel’s Ambassador to Ethiopia, Abraham Negussie, has voiced strong support for Ethiopia’s quest for sea access. He underscored the importance of diplomatic resolutions and described Ethiopia’s push for a sustainable sea outlet as legitimate and strategically vital. Negussie acknowledged that access to maritime trade routes is essential for Ethiopia’s economic ambitions, urging the international community to consider Ethiopia’s request within the framework of fairness and necessity.
French President Emmanuel Macron has also expressed support for Ethiopia’s pursuit of maritime access, advocating for discussions that respect international laws and the interests of neighboring countries.
Countries should consistently advocate for Ethiopia’s aspiration for sea access, as this will facilitate regional development and stability. By supporting Ethiopia’s quest, nations can help create an environment conducive to economic growth and cooperation. Access to the sea is not just a matter of national interest for Ethiopia; it represents a pathway to greater integration and prosperity for the entire Horn of Africa.
Promoting Ethiopia’s cause can lead to enhanced trade relations, increased investment opportunities, and a more stable geopolitical landscape. As countries rally behind this initiative, they contribute to a collective effort that benefits not only Ethiopia but also the broader region. Continuous support and advocacy will ensure that the importance of this issue remains at the forefront of international discussions, ultimately paving the way for a more prosperous future for all involved.
In my view, Ethiopia’s quest for sea access is not merely a national ambition; it is a crucial step toward regional stability and economic development. With international support and constructive engagement from Red Sea nations, Ethiopia can overcome historical barriers and unlock its full potential.
BY MENGISTEAB TESHOME
THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD FRIDAY 4 APRIL 2025
