Ethiopia has played a significant role in promoting peace and stability in the Horn of Africa. Historically, the country has taken on the role of mediator in regional conflicts, supporting peacekeeping operations and diplomatic engagements through the African Union and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD). Suffice it to mention its support in mediating peace in Sudan, South Sudan and its engagement in Somalia, where it has supported anti-terrorism fight against insurgent groups like Al-Shabaab.
Sticking to the principles of neutral foreign policy and amicability, the country tried to resolve some disagreements with neighboring nations cool-headedly and diplomatically. Its efforts have been very much witnessed in its border disagreement with Sudan and now with Somalia over its agreement with Somaliland.
Contrary to what conflict brewers narratives who try to sow discords between countries, Ethiopia has supported peace processes in South Sudan and Somalia, and, as one of the largest contributors to UN peacekeeping missions, Ethiopia has consistently demonstrated a commitment to regional peace.
The government’s commitment to dialogue and regional cooperation reflects its understanding that peace and development are mutually reinforcing. Despite ongoing challenges, Ethiopia’s diplomatic efforts illustrate a broader goal of regional integration, with the belief that cooperation on issues like energy, trade, and water can promote long-term stability in both the Nile Basin and the Horn of Africa.
Ethiopia has supported stabilization efforts, focusing on security cooperation to counter threats from al-Shabaab and other groups that destabilize the region. Although relations are complex, Ethiopia has maintained an active diplomatic presence in Somalia, seeking stability along its borders. However, competing interests, such as Egypt’s influence in the Arab League and Somalia’s complex internal dynamics, continue to pose challenges. Ethiopia’s approach often relies on a balance of diplomacy and coalition-building with key regional players, aiming to promote mutual benefits and avert potential conflicts.
The effort to stir conflict in the Horn has intensified following Ethiopia’s genuine quest for a sea outlet in the Red Sea.
Appearing before lawmakers yesterday, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed once again declared Ethiopia’s unshakable position to secure access to the Red Sea peacefully and diplomatically. “Our stand towards having sea outlet in the Red Sea is unshakable,” Abiy told the parliament while addressing regional and diplomacy affairs.
“The MoU is a mutually beneficial agreement, not an act of aggression,” he emphasized, adding that Ethiopia’s goal is peaceful cooperation, not conflict.
The Prime Minister mentioned Ethiopia’s significant Somali community and stressed the importance of regional development over conflict. “The seashore from Massawa to Somalia spans over 5,000 kilometers, yet it is underutilized for regional development. Meanwhile, foreign powers profit greatly from these coastal areas,” he said, underscoring Ethiopia’s peaceful intentions.
He underscored the importance of access to the resource-rich Red Sea, noting its potential to yield mutual benefits for all involved nations, particularly for Ethiopia, home to a population of 120 million.
While some nations have supported Ethiopia’s right to sea access, others have resisted. Abiy clarified that Ethiopia harbors no military ambitions. “We seek peaceful sea access and aim to foster sustainable peace with Somalia, Eritrea, Kenya, and neighboring nations,” he stated while warning that meddling in Ethiopia’s internal affairs would not be tolerated.
The prime minister also described his country’s desire for direct and peaceful access to the Red Sea as rooted not only in economic pragmatism but also in its historical ties to the coastline.
The Premier also vowed to pursue strong diplomacy to maintain peace and stability in the region. “Ethiopia will not shy and falter to express its clear interest in accessing the Red Sea. And, Ethiopia does not initiate any war and go to conflict with no country.”
“There are accusations that Ethiopia is violating Somalia’s sovereignty. Our demand is about fostering shared development. No country can plunder Ethiopia’s resources forcefully. We are not mercenaries and we will not serve as agents of other entities, Abiy told the lawmakers. We have big and enough manpower bravery and all the means to repel any external forces.”
True to the prime minister’s words, Ethiopia has been unflattering in maintaining a peaceful path to resolve any disagreement and ensure stability in the region.
Ethiopia’s diplomatic approach in the Horn of Africa has been centered on fostering cooperation, stability, and sustainable resource management among its neighbors.
The country’s unwavering ambition to secure access to the Red Sea highlights its strategic aspirations and the need for regional cooperation in the Horn of Africa. Following the Memorandum of Understanding signed with Somaliland, Ethiopia has consistently advocated for a peaceful and cooperative approach to gaining Red Sea access, emphasizing that such an arrangement would be mutually beneficial to neighboring countries. This approach aligns with Ethiopia’s broader policy of regional integration and collective security.
Rather than forceful acquisition or confrontation, Ethiopia has advocated for multilateral discussions and frameworks that respect the sovereignty of all involved nations, recognizing that prosperity in the Horn of Africa hinges on collaboration rather than conflict. This stance reflects a mature perspective, prioritizing long-term stability over short-term geopolitical gains.
Ethiopia has consistently advocated for a peaceful and cooperative approach to gaining Red Sea access, emphasizing that such an arrangement would be mutually beneficial to neighboring countries, especially Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia. This approach aligns with Ethiopia’s broader policy of regional integration and collective security.
Ethiopia’s unwavering ambition to secure access to the Red Sea highlights its strategic aspirations and the need for regional cooperation in the Horn of Africa. Africa’s fastest-growing population and economy, Ethiopia relies heavily on the port of Djibouti, which handles nearly 95% of its imports and exports. However, Ethiopia’s desire for direct and peaceful access to the Red Sea is rooted not only in economic pragmatism but also in its historical ties to the coastline.
This peaceful pursuit of Red Sea access illustrates the country’s dedication to development and regional harmony. By seeking a collaborative solution, Ethiopia not only reaffirms its sovereignty but also positions itself as a leader in advocating for sustainable and cooperative solutions in Africa. It is a vision that deserves the support and engagement of regional neighbors and global partners alike.
All in all, Ethiopia has been consistent in its principled diplomacy in cultivating solid partnerships with nations of the world.
BY STAFF REPORTER
THE ETHIOPIAN HERALD SATURDAY 2 NOVEMBER 2024
