Saba Halaabaafi aadaasaa

Godinoota Naannoo Ummattota Kibbaa keessaa tokko kan ta’e godinni Halaabaa Finfinneerraa gara Kibbaatti kiilomeetira 245 irratti argamti. Magaalaa guddoon ishee Qullittoo jedhamti. Magaalattiin kan hundeeffamte bara 1888 akka ta’e ragaaleen ni mul’isu. Qullittoo jechuun ”nan yaade’’ jechuu akka ta’e ni himama.

Ummata kuma 295fi 346 ol kan qabdu godinni kun, kaabaan godina Silxeetiin, kibbaan Hadiyyaadhaan, lixaan Kanbaataa Xanbaarrootiin, bahaan ammoo naannoo Oromiyaatiin daangeeffama. Bal’inni kiloo meetira 994.70 yoo ta’u, teessumni lafasaa harki 70 dirree bal’aa lafasaa iskuwer, harki 27 irraangadee, harki sadiimmoo tulluu akka ta’e dubbatama. Akkasumas, harki 80 baddaafi badda daree yoo ta’u,  kan hafemmoo gammoojjiidha. Godina kanatti bal’inaan kan omishamu barbarree ta’us bishingaa, xaafii, garbuufi qamadiinis ni omishamu.

Sabni Halaabaa, Halaabaa jedhamuun sabichi kan ittiin waamamu Tulluu Kaaheelaawee kan godina Baalee keessatti argamurraa akka ta’e  barreeffamnii hambaalee sabichaa ibsuu ni mul’isa. Sabichi  godina Halaabaa keessa irra caalaan haa jiraatu malee naannoo Oromiyaa godinaalee Shawaa Bahaa, Jimmaafi Baalee, akkasumas naannoo Ummattoota Kibbaa godina Guraagee Kambaataa  Xanbaarroo, Haadiyyaa, Silxeefi Sidaamaa keessa bal’inaan jiraachuusaanii ragaaleen ni mul’isu.

Afaan Saba Halaabaa Haalaabisaa kan jedhamu yoo ta’u, afaan maatii Kuush keessatti ramadama. Afaan sabichaa kun kanneen sabawwan Qabeenfaa, Sidaamufoo, Kanbaatisaa, Xambaarisaafi Hadiiyyinyaa wajjin haala walfakkaatus ni qaba. Manguddoniifi Hayyoonni  yaada  dhiheessan keessatti kan kaasan, seenaan dhufeenyasaanii naannoo  tokkoo ka’usaaniifi ammaan tanas ollaa tokko ta’usaanii wajjiin kan walqabateedha jedhu.

Haa ta’u malee afaanicha guddisuuf hojiiwwan muraasni hojjeetamaniiru. Fknf  galmee jechootaa Ingiliffa-Haalaabisa akkasumas,  ”Jarmaniiffa- Ingiliffa- Haalaabisa” kaasuun ni danda’ama. Afaan Halaabisaa mana barnootaa keessatti tajaajila akka kennuuf kitaabni (Halabisa Grammar, Phonology, Morphology and Syntax) mana maree sabichaatiin qophaa’e faayidaarra oola.

Haala kanaan afaanicha mana barnootaa sadarkaa tokkoffaa marsaa duraa keessatti ittiin barsiisuuf qophiirratti argama. Kana malees,  afaan dhalootaa  maddiitti  Afaan Oromoo, Amaariffa, Silxiffa, Kambaatiisaafi Haadiyyiffa bal’inaan ni dubbatama.

Halaabonni Saawud Arabiyyaarraa ka’uun Galaana  Diimaa qaxxaamuranii karaa Zaayilaatiin Bahaa Itoophiyaa seenuudhaan waggoota 70f bakkuma  sana erga turanii booddee dhalattoota duraanii wajjin wal dhabuudhaan naannawa qubatan gadi dhiisuun gara Arsii akka galan hayyooni tokko tokko kitaabotasaanii keessatti barreessaniru.

Pirofeesar Taaddasaa Taammiraat bara 1979 kitaaba maxxansiisan keessatti “Alaabaafi Qabeenaa” (Alabaa Qabena Garad) sanyiin isaanii durii Seem ta’aan Kibba Arbiyaatii ka’uudhaan buufata Zalaayni qaxxaamuruun gara Hararitti sosocho’uun hanga bara 300-1000 achuma Harar akka turan tuqaniiru.

Yaada kanaa olitti ka’e kana manguddoonni Halaabaa kan itti walii galan ta’ee, Halaabonni edda Arabiyaadhaa dhufanii booddee yeroo dheeraadhaaf hojii daldalaaf garasitti deddeebi’uudhaan jiraachaa turanis, sababii naannawaa Bahaa Itoophiyaa (Harar)tti waraanni ka’een iddoosaanii gadidhiisanii gara tulluu naannichatti argamutti baqatan.

Haaluma kanaan naannoo sanatti jireenya haarawaa jiraachuudhaan suuta suuta gara lixaafi kibbaatti socho’uudhaan naannawaa Sidaamaa maqaa addaa iddoo ”Gugumaa” jedhamu qaxxaamuruudhaan iddowwan ammaa lafa badda daree daangaa godina Arsii, Baaleefi Sidaamaa irra qubachuunsaanii ni dubbatama.

Halaabonni Hararii ka’anii naannawa amma irratti argaman kana jaarraa 16ffa keessa erga qubatanii dhaloonni sadii akka darbe ragaaleen adda addaa ni mul’isu. Sabni Halaabaa kabaja ofifi bilisa biyyasaa eegsiisuuf qabsoo guddaa keessatti arsaa olaanaa gaggeesseera. Halaabonni ummattoota biroo booddee qubachuusaaniitiin, ummattoota biroo kanneen naannicha keessa jiraatan wajjin walitti bu’aa akka turanis ni dubbatama.

Karaa gara biraatiin babal’achuun gita bittaa Miniliik sochii naannawaa sanatti gochaa turan dhaabmsisuudhaaf gaggeessitoota gosaatiin gurmaa’uudhaan qabsoo olaanaa godhaniiru. Wareegama lubbuus baasaniiru. Akkasumas, wayita sirnoonni geddaraman aadaasaanii eegsiisuuf bulchiinsoota  wajjiin qabsoo olaanaa taasisaniiru. Qabsoo kana keessattis dhalattoonni Halaabaa hedduun lubbuusaanii dabarsanii kennaniiru. Kana malees waraana Faashistii Xaaliyaanii mormuudhaan gootoonni Halaabaa hedduun isaanii lubbuusaanii kennuun qabsoo isaan bilisummaaf  godhan akka laayyootti kan ilaalamu miti.

Sabichi sirna bulchiinsa mataasaa ni qaba. Sirni bulchiinsa sabichaa “Seeraa” yoo  jedhamu, ummannis aadaa Seeraatti amanuudhaan bula. Sirni ittin bulmaata aadaa “Seerii Daanyoomaati” jedhama. Seeraan qaamoolee taayitaa ittiin waamamu kan mataasaa qaba. Sabicha kan bulchan dursitoota gosaa yoo ta’an dhimma biyyaarratti rakkoowwan dhufan yoo jiraatan qofa walga’uudhaani  kan hiikan.  Qaamni olaanaa sirna  bulchiinsa aadaa kanaa yaa’ii olaanaa yookiin gumiidha. Gumiin kun akka waamicha sabichaatti  “Ogaatee” jedhamuudhaan yoo beekamu iddoo isaan itti walga’an gaaddisa jala ture.

Dursaan walga’ichaa ”Wamaa” jedhama. Walga’ii Wamaarratti murteen kennamu kan dhumaati.  Gosawwan keessa kan jiran dursitonni gosaa akka waamicha sabichaatti “Bokii Marichoo” jedhamuudhaan yoo beekaman sabicha kan dursu ammoo “Daboo Marichoo” jedhama. Dursitonni kunneen Ogaatee Gumii jala taa’anii hojiiwwan bulchiinsa maatiiwwaniifi gosootaa kan hojjeetaniidha. Walga’iin dimshaashaa (Ogaatee) yoo  qabaatu,  Ogaatee kan dursu ammoo  gosa “Siidee”ti. Sababni isaa sabichatti, miseensonni gosa Siidee sanyii Nabiyyuu Mohaammad jedhamuudhaan waan amanamaniif. Yaa’iin gosootaa kan durfamu garuu dursitoota gosichaatiin.

Taayitaan dursitoota kan darbu hidda dhalotaatiin ta’ee, aangoon taayitaasaanii kan murteeffamu garuu sirna dhaqna qabaa walduraa duubaatiin. Kanneen dhaqna qabatan wayita madaan isaanii qooruu jalqabu ji’oota jahaaf qilxuu (Laaftoo) jalatti walga’anii aadaan maqaan sirna (Naqaa) kitaanamtootaa baasuuf yeroo dabarsan, maatiifi biyyasaanii akkamitti bulchuu akka danda’an  bal’inaan beekumsaafi hubannoo akka argatan sirna taasisuudha.

Akkasumas gara “naqataa” deemuudhaan Siideerratti mallattoo kaa’uudhaan walga’ii gaggeessuuf dandeettii argata. Ittaansuudhaan walga’ii akka gaggeessuu itti gaafatamni ni kennamaaf. Saboota ollaas ta’u miseensoota sabichaa keessaa walitti bu’iinsaaf ka’umsa kan ta’an gaaffii lafa dheedinsaa, hannaanis ta’u sababii gaa’eelaatiin kan uumamaniidha. Kanaan duras ta’u ammaan tana saboota ollaa wajjin walitti bu’iinsa uumaman gama lameeniinuu jaarsoolee biyyaatiin nageenyaan hiikama.

Aadaa saba Halaabaatti, sabni biroo akka hin miidhaamne ofeegannoon ni taasifama. Sabicha keessatti walitti bu’iinsi yoo uumame hiikuuf jecha inni miidhe miidhamaa akka kiisu murteen irratti darba. Murtichi ammoo akkuma baleessaa isaatii kan murtaa’u ta’ee balleessichi qarshiinis ta’u akaakuudhaan kormaafi damma akka kennu taasifama.

Sabichatti akka balleessaa guddaatti kan ilaalamu namni miidhee adabbii itti murteeffame kabajuu yoo dhiiseedha. Murtoo adabbii irratti darbe yoo hinkanfalu jedheefi murtee jaarsoolii fudhachuu baatee dursaa gosaa fuulduratti akka kanfalu taasifama. Murtii dursaa gosaa fudhachu yoo dide adabbiin maatiisaarrattii bu’aa. Ummanni naannawichaas gaddaafi gammachuusaarratti akka hinhirmaanne, yoo rakkate akka hingargaarre, walumaagalatti gosaafi ummatarraa akka loogamu taasifama.  

Namni rakkina kana uumee adabbiin akkanaa kun irratti darbe baleessaa hojjetteetti gaabbee nama  miidhe sana kiisee yoo adabame booddeefi dursaan gosaafi maatiin isaa dhiifama godhaniif qofa araarri kan ta’u.

Sirna bulchinsa aadaa saba Haalaabaa keessatti murteessummaan dubartootaa  kan dhorkame waan ta’eef dubartiin bakka murtii dhiiraa wajjiin hinteessu. Haata’u malee, walitti bu’iinsi uumame dhimmicha araaraan wayita xumuramu sirna eebbaarratti ni hirmaatu. Sababin isaas eebba dubartii ala murtiin eebbaa hinmirkanaa’u jedhamee waan amanamuufi.

Yeroo ajjeechaa lubbuu araarri gumaa (Ragaa) yoo raawwatu damma facaasuudhaan kan araarsituu dubartiidha. Dubartiirra miidhaan ga’e yoo gumiitti iyyata dhiheeffatte hatattamaan murtiin darbee kiisii akka argattu ta’a.

Tashoomaa Qadiidaatiin

Gaazexaa Bariisaa Guraandhala  14/2012

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