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Injifannoo Adwaa: Mallattoo ulfinaafi bilisummaa dhala namaa

— January 30, 2021 726 comments

Adeemsa saamichaafi qoqqoodannaa dachii Afrikaa (Scramble for Africa) warra Awuroppaatiin eegalametti gara boodeerratti barfattee kan makamte, biyyi Xaaliyaan ALA bara 1869 kara kaampaanii Rubaantiinoo jedhamuun iddoo buufata doonii Asab qabachuun gara dachii Itoophiyaatti seenuufi Itoophiyaa sirna kolonii ofii jala galchuuf carraaqqii gargaraa taasisaa turtee jirti.

Konfiraansiin Barliin gaggeefame waggaa 11 booda ALA bara 1896 humni xaaliyaanii Itoophiyaa weeraree koloneefachuun gabroomfachuuf lola bane. Adwaa irratti goototota biyya keenyaatiin haala keessa deebii hinqabneen injifatameera. Injifannoon kunis fedhii kolonii babal’ifannaa xaaliyaanii dhaabuu ykn daangessuu bira dabree akkuma seenaa adunyaattuu taatee seenaa (historical event) isa murteessaa taheefi haala adunyaa guutuu jijjiiredha jechuun ni danda’ama. Sabababiin isaas;

1fa-Taateen kun seenaa adunyaa isa ammayyaa keessatti injifannoo warri gurraachi warra adii irratti bifa keessa deebii hinqanbeen yeroo jalqabaatiif galmeessan tahuun adda isa godha. Humnootni warra Awuroppaa weerara koloneeffannaa Afrikaa irratti bananiin mormiin qolannaa bakka hedduutti isaan mudateera. Iddoo tokko tokkotti, fkn’f Afrikaa Kibbaatti warri gurraachi Zuuluu lola gaggeesaniin warra adii Ingiliizi yeroon itti injifatan ture.

Haa ta’u malee injifannoon kun yeroodhaaf malee weerara koloneefannaa biyyasii dhaabsisuu hindandeenye ture. Injifannoon Adwaa garuu injifanno humni gabroomfataan warra adii guutumaan guuttutti itti cabeefi barbadaa’e, kan fedhii weerara koloneeffannaa Xaaliyaanii daangesse, kan haala adunyaa wayita sanaa jijjiire, akkasumas injifannoo boonsaafi dhaabbataa(permanent) tahuun walnama hin gaafachiisu.

Gaazexaan New York Times (On March 2, 1896) haala wayta sana ture mataduree ‘Ethiopians Defeat Italians; Both Wings of General Baratieri’s Army Enveloped in an Energetic Attack’ (Itoophiyaanonni Xaaliyaanota injifatan; lola jabaa irratti banameen rayyaan Janaraal Barataterii gama lamaaniiyyu liqimfame) jedhuun gabaasee ture. Kufaatiin hadhaawaan warra Xaaliyaan mudate kun warra Awurooppaa sirna kolonii ardiilee Afrikaa, Eeshiyaafi Ameerikaatti diriirsan irratti sodaa guddaa kan uume ture. Sababni isaa yeroo jalqabatiif humni warra Awuroppaa harka humna warra gurraachaatti haala dhaabbataa taheen waan cabee injifatameefi.

2fa- Injifannoon Adwaa taatee haala adunyaa jijjiiredha. Injifannoo kanaan Itoophiyaan birmadummaa ishee kabachiifattee, Afrikaa keessatti biyya sirna kolonii warra adii Awuroppaa jalatti osoo hinkufin hafte ishii takkitii tahuu dandeesse jirti. Adwaadhaan

 booda battaluma sana Xaaliyaan dabalatee biyyootni Awuroppaafi Ameerikaa hedduun Itoophiyaatti Imbaasii isaanii banachuun birmadummaa biyya keenyaaf beekamtii kennaniiru. Itoophiyaan boca amma qabduun akka ijaaramtu walii galteen daangaa garagaraa warroota biyyoota ollaa koloneeffatan wajjiin godhameera.

Dabalataan taateen kun yaadamaafi hubannoo warri adii dhala gurraachaaf qabu akka jijjiiramu kan taasisedha. Wayta sana warri adii ardiin Afrikaa akkuma ardii Ameerikaa Kaabaa guutumaan guututti qubattoota warra adiitiin kan dhuunfatamtuufi Afrikaannonnis akkuma warra jirraattota Ameerikaa duraanii (Indigenous peoples/ Red-indians) dhawataan ni badu jedhameetu eegama ture. Injifannoon Adwaa yaadamni kun akka jijjiiramu sababa tahuu bira dabree sirna kolonii adunyaarratti diriire balaalefachuun fincilli kutaa adunyaa garagaraatti akka

 ka’uuf fakkeenyummaafi mallattoo bilisummaa (Symbol of Emancipation) tahee qabsoo farra koloniyaalizimii jalqabsiiseera(a prelude to decolonization).

3fa- Injifannoon Adwaa taatee jijjiirama yaadaafi ilaalcha dhala namaa(human ideals) fiduurratti iddoo gudda qaba. Zamana san adunyaan yaadama ‘Racial Hierarchy’ jedhamu kan dhalli namaa umamaan wal irra caalmaa dandeettii sammuu sanyiidhaan qaba kan jedhuufi warri adii sanyiidhaan warra isa kaan hunda waan caalaniif adunyaa tana dhuunfachuu qabu yaadama jedhutu akka saayinsiitti hubatamaafi barsiifamaa ture. Yaadamni Adwaa kun bu’uuraan doggogoraa tahuu qabatamaan adunyaa barsiisuu danda’eera.

Adwaan qabsoo gita bittaa warra adiirratti gaggeefamuuf kutaa adunyaa hunda keessatti mallattoo ulfinaa (Dignity) fi bilisummaa(Emancipation) dhala namaa isa gurraachaa akka tahetti waan hubatameefi adeemsa balaaleffanaa, akkasumas mormii sirna koloniyaalizimii ummattoota kan onnachiisuufi abdii itti horu ture.

Keessaattuu biyyoota ummanni gurraachi cunqursaa warra adii jalatti kufanii turan kan akka ‘USA’, biyyoota kaaribiyaanii (Caribbean)fi Afrikaatti miira diddaa gabrummaa akka dagaagu taasisuufi warra gurraacha giddutti walhubanaaafi tokkummaan akka jiraatu gumaacha olaanaa taasiseera.

Afrikaatti sosochiin Paan-Afrinizimii akka eegalu taasisuun biyyoota heddutti fincilli diddaa koloniyaalizimii akka finiinuuf qabsoon hidhannoo akka eegalu karaa saaqeera.

Dhalootni haaraan injifannoo Adwaarraa maal barata?

Akkuma beekamu Itoophiyaanonni seenaa mootummaa ijaarratanii buluu zabana dheeraa qabaatanis, Itoophiyaan akka biyya ammayaawaa tokkotti ijaaramu kan eegalte naannoo dhuma jaarraa 19fatti ture. Injifannoo Adwaatiin dura dhimmi biyyaa keessattuu gara kaaba Itoophiyaa kanatti waanuma nugusa ykn nugusa-nagastiin walitti hidhatuufi mootichaaf amanamaa tahuu wajjiin duwwaa waan walqabatu ture.

Adwaan lammii biyya kana hundaaf miira biyyoomaafi walooma uumuu keessatti gahee bakka hinbu’amne qaba. Kanaaf Itoophiyaan karaa kamiinuu boca amma qabduun ijaaramtus, Itoophiyaawumma kan hunda keenya dhaalchise injifannoo abbootiin keenya Adwaa irratti galmeessanidha.

Wayuta bu’uuraaleen misooma hinjirretti, ummanni Itoophiyaa sabaafi amantiin otoo walhiqoodin tokko tahee diina meeshaa ammayaawaa hidhate ofirraa cabsuun bilisummaa nu dhaalchisee jira. Dhalootni haaraan kun bilissummaan kun kan wareegamni abbootii keenyaa itti bahe tahu hubatanii miira obbolummaatiifi biyyoomaatiin biyya lammii hundaaf taatu ijaaruu irratti xiyyeefachuu qabu.

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 “Baay’inni namoota waraqaa eenyummaa dijitaalaa Faayidaaf galmaa’anii daran dabalaa jira” -Aadde Ababaa Shantamaa

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