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Itoophiyaa ammayyaafi Raas Goobanaa Daaccii

— November 9, 2019 478 comments

Biyyi teenya Itoophiyaan seenaa mootummaadhaan buluutiin baroota dheeraa  qabdi. Seenaa baroota dheeraa kana keessatti iddoo tokkotti ta’uu  baatus  kallattiiwwan biyya kanaatti mootota ka’aniifi kufan baay’etu mul’achaa ture. Haala kanaan gara kaabaafi giddugala  Mootumma Itoophiyaa bifa haaraan dhuma jaarraa 19fa keessa hundeessan keessaa Mootii Minilikiifi Raas Goobanaan gaggeessitoota adda dureen eeramaniidha. Mootummaan Itoophiyaa kaabaa kan hundeeffame hidda  sanyiirratti  yoo  ta’u, aangoon abbaarraa gara ilmaatti kan darbu sanyiidhaan ture.

Haaluma kanaan abbaa waraanaa Nagaasii Kiristoosii qabee lafa Tuulamaa keessatti mootummoonni Shawaa sanyiidhan gurmaa’an iddoo qabachaa dhufe. Sanyiin mootota kanneenii dhaloonnisaanii Oromoo ta’anis nuti sanyii Mootii Salamoon, isa Yihudoota jedhee of waamuun maatiisaanii waraanan mo’atonii dhawaataan Oromoota naannawa Maammaa Midir, Geeraa Midiir, Laaloo Midiirfi Angaccaa mo’achuun qabiyyeesaanii babal’ifachuun akka abbaa biyyaa ta’uu eegalan himama.

(T. Makuriyaa, 1952.) Nagaas Kiristoos gara sanyii  abbaansaa Oromoo akka ta’e qorattoonni Isenbergiifi Kiraapfi eeruun barreessan seenaa Miniliik, (R.H.kofi DARK WAh, 1975 pp ,9) ibseera.

Dhugaadhaaf jennaan naannoon Manzi kun dur qabiyyee Oromoo Tuulamaa kan gosa Galaan yoo ta’u, laafina Gadaa Booda naannawa sanatti Oromoon  Warjii (Yashawaa Sulxaaneet) jedhamaniifi araddaa warra Amantii Islaamaa fuudhataniidha. Jiraataan naannawa kana jaarraa 9fa ykn 896/7 kaasee mootummaan Yashawaa Sulxaaneet kan Oromoo Warjiin hundeeffamee akka tureefi bara 1285 keessa duula kallattii lamaan (Yikunoo Amlaakiifi Sulxaanota Ifaatiin) irratti gadhameen akka kufe ni beekama.

(N.Cerulli, 1971;Roma) kanarraa ka’un naannoon  “Manzi” jechuunis Manzuumee kan jedhu jechoota Islaalmaa “faarfannaa” jedhurra akka madde maanguddoonni Geeraa Midir dabalataan ni dubbatu (Ibid). Kana malees seenaa waraanaa Mootii Amdatsiyoon keessatti loltoonni Musliimaa (Manzi, Haragaayi kkf) akka isa marsan gabafamaa ture.

Kanarraa ka’un  Oromoon naannawa kana jiraatus dhawaataan amantii Kiristaanaatti makamaafi kuunis mootota Islaamaz Sulxaanotatti makamun gara Gammoojii Shawaa Roobiit, Sambatee, Maajateefi iddoowwan kkf keessa  jiraachaa akka turaniifi keessattuu babal’ina mootii Shawaa yeroo booda ka’aniin akka dhibamaafi amantiisaaniis jijjiirratan ragaaleen seenaa ifa godha. Seenaa Babal’insa mootota Shawaa keessatti Nagaasii Kiristoosii kaasee hanga Saahila-Sillaaseefi abbootiisaatiin gara bahaafi  kibbaatti godhamaa ture ifatti lafa taa’ee  ture.

Mootonni kunniinis lafti itti dhiphatee akka maatiin hiyyummaan walhinlollee qabeenya Oromoo naannawa jiran kallattii maraan itti duuluun firootasaaniifi lafa qonnaa haaraafi araddaa gabbataa waan kennuu qabaniif bayyee jaalatamaafi kan dhaloonnisaanii ittifufeenyaan fakkeenyummaasaanii hordofan taasisaa turan.

Asirrati kan hubachuu dandeenyu durii kaasee qabiyyeefi lafa Oromoo saamuufi to’achuu kan hadheffatanii qabsaa’an ta’uun seenaa bara dheeraa akka ture nama hubachiisa. Falmiin isaan godhan qabiyyee bara Giraanyi Ahmad lafa  nurraa fudhatame deeffanna kan jedhu yoo ta’u, seenaa isaan dura bara Sulxaanota Shawaa Oromoo akka naannawa sana  ture kaasuu garuu hinbarbaadan.

Kana malees Oromoo naannawasaanii jiraatu waliin firooma gaa’elaafi  kiristinnaa kaasuun michoomuun ofitti qabuun to’annoosaanii jala malaan oolchaa turan. Seenaan babal’ina mootota Shawaa kun baroota (1672-1860) dhawaataan guddachaa dhufee mootummaa Minilik bira yoo geenyu immoo cimina haaraa argachuun naannawasaa irra caalaa babal’iffachuu eegalan. Yeroo kanatti aangootti dhufuun sanyummaan ta’uun hafee muudamni aangoo abbaa waraanaa ta’uun garuu ciminaafi amanummaan ta’aa dhufe.

Yeroo booda dhalootaan qofa aangootti fiduunis hafee jabinaafi amanamummaan gara aangootti siquun eegalame. Malli namoota dhalootaan moototatti hindhiyaatin garuu angootti fiduu  Minilikiin qofa otoo hinta’iin akaakayyuusaanii mootii Saahila Sillaasees akka ture himama.

Gabbaaronniifi Loleen mootonni lafa humnaan qabatan kanarra walitti qabaman kunniin dhawaata amanamaafi jaalatamaa ta’uun kun gaa’elaafi ilma dammaa, Kiristinnaafi Aadaa Oromoo moggaasaadhaan xiqqoo kan walfakkaatuun humna mootota Shawaa jabeessu qaban. Jarreen kunniin baay’eensaanii namoota duulurratti booji’amaniifi akka loleetti moototaaf kan  galaniidha.

Fakkeenyaaf wiirtuulee akka Ankoobar, wiirtuuleen Ajajaa Saahila Silaasee bara 1840. Angooloolaa, Dabra-Birhaaniifi Qundii, hundeeffaman wiirtuuleen kunniin dhawaata qonnaafi horsiisa looniin kan tajaajilaa turaniidha. ‘Loleen’ kun baay’innisaanii garuu gara dhibboota hedduutti lakkaawama (Isan berg and Krapt, 1887).

Mootichi Miniliikis wiirtuulee armaan olitti eeraman malee dabalataan wiirtuulee akka Lichee, Ankoobar, Warra Iluu, Dabra Birhaaniifi namoota kumaatama hedduutti lakkaawwaman Inxooxootti akka qubatan ni ta’e. Jarreen kunniin qonnaafi loon horsiisaa akkasumas daldalaafi damee dinagdee biroorratti kan bobba’an yoo ta’u, isaan malee abbootii waraana ciccimoofi hoggansa dhiyoo mootota ta’aa kan dhufaniidha.

Naannawawwan to’annoo ofii jala oolchan tokko tokkotti abbootii biyyaa naannichaa tole jedhanii isaanii gabbaran itti muuduun kaan immoo maatiidhuma sana keessaa ofitti qabanii leenjii loltummaa keennuufiin humnasaanii cimsaa tooftaa yeroo sanaa keessaa tokko ture. Yeroo baay’ee Saahila Sillaaseen iddoowwan tokko tokkotti adeemsa kana jijjiiruun hoggantoota naannawaa ummataan muudaman kaasuun kan ofii filatan aangoorratti muuduun bakka bu’ootasaanii kaa’aa turan. Fakkeenyaf baroota 1843 keessa Ifaatirratti Walasma Mohammad akka bulchaafi ajajaa naannawaatti muudanii turan. (Alamayehu Hayilee Gadaa Tuulama 2002)

Bara 1844 keessas Saahila Sillaaseen Morotiirratti muudama sanyii kana cabsuun nama biraa aangootti fidanii ture. (Isenberg and Krapf).

Haaluma kanaan bara 1884 keessa Abagaaz Mohammad duraan Miniliik Abbaa waraanaa Azaj Walda Tsaadiq Ifaat akka bulchan muudan. Kunis dhawaataan bulchitoota saaniin ykn dhalootaan naannawaa muudamuu qaban dhiisuun jarreen isaaniifi amanamoo ta’aniin bakka buusuu qaban.

Kunis dhawaataan namoota aangoodhan fincila kaasaan xiqqeessuuf tooftaa yeroo sana hordofan ture. Kunis ‘lolee’ naannawa isaaniitti argaman muuduufi irra caalaa akka amanamoo ta’an gochaa ture. Jarreen kunniinis badhaasawwan adda addaa yeroo sanatti guddaa ta’e kan akka, Fardaa, Gaangee, lafa, loleefi harka fuucha mooticha ture. Akka fakkeenyaatti yoo fudhanne nama Beerii jedhamu bara 1842 amanama mooticha ta’uun kan badhaasa guddaa argatan duraan Mohammadi Pedlay ture.

Namni kun Abbaa waraanaa Saahila Sillaasee kan tureefi amanamummaa argateen lafa qonnaa bal’aa Minjaar keessaa akka kennameef ni beekama (Ibid). Kan biraa yeerodhuma kana Abbaa Molaalee (Oromoo Angololaa) naannoo itti dhalate akka mootichi to’annoo ofii  jala oolchu waan godheef naannawa sanatti akka muudamu ta’ee ture.

Namni kun Oromoo Abbichuu durii kaasee babal’ina mootota Shawaa humnaan ofirra ittisaa ture cabsuuf kan dursee yaaleedha. Kanarraa ka’uun intala mootichaa akka gaa’elan argatan ta’eera. Kana malee Obbo Abbooyyee Faleen jedhamu ‘lolee’ gadanarraa ka’e amantummaan akka sadarkaa bara mootii Sahila Sillaasee hanga Dajjaamash ga’utti akka guddatan carraan kennameefii ture.

Kunis namoonni ummatasaanii keessa humnaan booji’amaniifi harka kennatan carraa guddaa waan uumeef amantummaan akka moototaa kan tajaajilaan isaan godhee ture.  Haaluma kana keessatti baroota 1860 keessa Abbaan waraanaa beekamaan Goobanaa Daaccii akka jaalatamaafi beekama ta’uun aangoo olaanaatti dhufe hubanna.

Ittifufa

Obbo Alamaayyoo Haayilee: Hayyuu Seenaa yoo ta’an wayita amma Gidduugala Aadaa Oromootti qorataa seenaafi dursaa garee seenaati.

Gaazexaa Bariisaa Onk 29/2012

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