نجاح إثيوبيا في جذب الاستثمارات الأجنبية

*إثيوبيا تتوقع نموًا اقتصاديًا بنسبة 7.9 بالمائة خلال السنة المالية الحالية

* تأمين استثمارات بقيمة 3.4 مليار دولار أمريكي في العام الماضي

*توفير 1.5 مليون فرصة عمل هذا العام في غضون خمسة أشهر

سمراي كحساي

برزت إثيوبيا كوجهة واعدة للمستثمرين الدوليين الباحثين عن فرص تجارية مربحة بفضل نموها الاقتصادي القوي، وموقعها الاستراتيجي، ومواردها الطبيعية الوفيرة، والتزام الحكومة بخلق مناخ استثماري مناسب، وتوفير البلاد بيئة مواتية لمختلف القطاعات الاقتصادية.

وفي هذا الاطار قال رئيس الوزراء الإثيوبي أبي أحمد إن إثيوبيا تتوقع نموًا اقتصاديًا بنسبة 7.9 بالمائة في هذه السنة المالية الإثيوبية .

جاء ذلك خلال  رد رئيس الوزراء على استفسارات أعضاء البرلمان في الجلسة العادية الرابعة عشرة لمجلس نواب الشعب التي عقدت يوم الثلاثاء الماضي.

وفي حديثه عن اتجاهات التصدير والاستيراد، ذكر أن البلاد كسبت 10.7 مليار دولار أمريكي من السلع والخدمات، مع أرباح قدرها 4.5 مليار دولار في النصف الأول من هذا العام.

وعلى صعيد الاستيراد، استوردت إثيوبيا بضائع بقيمة 17 مليار دولار العام الماضي، بينما بلغت واردات هذا العام 7.5 دولار في الأشهر الخمسة الأولى.

وفيما يتعلق بالاستثمار الأجنبي، سلط رئيس الوزراء أبي أحمد الضوء على نجاح إثيوبيا في جذب الاستثمار الأجنبي.

ووفقا له، تم تأمين استثمارات بقيمة 3.4 مليار دولار أمريكي في العام الماضي.

وأضاف أنه تم خلق 1.5 مليون فرصة عمل هذا العام في غضون خمسة أشهر.

وفيما يتعلق بتحصيل الضرائب، قال أبي إن الإيرادات المحصلة خلال الأشهر الستة الأولى من العام المالي بلغت 265 مليار بر، محققة 98 بالمائة من المستهدف البالغ 270 مليار بر. ويمثل ذلك زيادة بنسبة 17 بالمائة مقارنة بنفس الفترة من العام الماضي.

ومع ذلك، أقر رئيس الوزراء أبي بالحاجة إلى مزيد من التحسين، مستشهداً بدول مثل المغرب والدول المجاورة التي تجمع نسبًا أعلى من نسبة الضرائب إلى الناتج المحلي الإجمالي.

وشدد كذلك على أهمية تحصيل الضرائب لتعزيز التنمية الكافية في البلاد، داعيا إلى إجراء الإصلاحات اللازمة لزيادة الإيرادات الضريبية.

وحث رئيس الوزراء الإثيوبيين على إدراك أن الضرائب لا يتم دفعها بمستوى كاف، وطلب تعاونهم في هذا الصدد. وسلط الضوء على نسبة الضرائب إلى الناتج المحلي الإجمالي المنخفضة نسبيا، مشددا على الحاجة إلى مساهمة أكبر من المجتمع .

وأشار رئيس الوزراء إلى أن استقرار ومرونة القطاع المصرفي في إثيوبيا لعب دورا حاسما في اجتياز الأوقات الصعبة.

ولعب استقرار ومرونة القطاع المصرفي في إثيوبيا دورا حاسما في اجتياز الأوقات الصعبة وقال انه تم إنقاذ البنك التجاري الإثيوبي وبنك التنمية الإثيوبي، اللذين كانا على وشك الانهيار، لضمان استمرار عملهما.

واضاف ان  التدخل الناجح في حماية هذه المؤسسات المالية قد ساهم في الاستقرار العام للاقتصاد المحلي.

و التضخم هو نتيجة لتحديات اقتصادية مختلفة، تنبع في المقام الأول من عدم كفاية الإنتاج المحلي ومع ذلك، أشار رئيس الوزراء إلى انخفاض طفيف في التضخم من 30 إلى 28 بالمئة هذا العام.

وأشار إلى أن استراتيجية الحكومة لمكافحة التضخم تتضمن تعزيز الإنتاج، مضيفا أنه تم تسجيل نتائج ناجحة في حصاد القمح والأرز.

وأشار رئيس الوزراء إلى التخفيض الكبير في الإنفاق على القمح من خلال توفير أكثر من 700 مليار بر سنويًا.

وفيما يتعلق بالديون، أكد أن موقف الحكومة هو تجنب أخذ القروض التجارية  ولم تحصل الحكومة على قرض تجاري خلال السنوات الخمس الماضية.

ومن ناحية أخرى، فقد دفعت 9.9 مليار دولار أمريكي في الفترة المذكورة.

بشكل عام، سلط خطاب رئيس الوزراء أبي أحمد أمام البرلمان الضوء على المسار الاقتصادي الإيجابي لإثيوبيا، وشدد على الحاجة إلى زيادة تحصيل الضرائب، وتشجيع الصادرات، وجذب الاستثمار الأجنبي، وتحسين الإنتاج المحلي لدعم نمو البلاد وتنميتها.

وفي الأشهر الأخيرة، شهدت إثيوبيا زيادة كبيرة في الودائع، حيث بلغ إجمالي الودائع 1.3 تريليون بر. وعلى الرغم من أن هذا النمو في الودائع له تأثير على التضخم من خلال تقليل المعروض النقدي، إلا أن التأثير كان ضئيلًا نسبيًا، مع عواقب إجمالية قليلة.

وبالانتقال إلى القروض، تم منح أكثر من 170 مليار بر على سبيل الإعارة في الأشهر الستة الماضية، مع تحول ملحوظ في التوزيع.

 وقد حصل القطاع الخاص على حوالي 83% من هذه القروض، وهو تغيير كبير مقارنة بالسنوات السابقة عندما تلقت الحكومة 70% من القروض.

ويشير هذا التحول إلى تحول كبير في مشهد الإقراض، وتمكين مؤسسات القطاع الخاص وتعزيز التنويع الاقتصادي.

وفي الختام، أعرب رئيس الوزراء عن تصميمه على مواصلة قيادة التغيير الملموس في إثيوبيا. وتعهد بتعزيز الجهود والمبادرات الجارية الرامية إلى تعزيز النمو الاقتصادي وخلق فرص العمل وخفض التضخم.

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About the Author: Samaray Galagai

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