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Qubsuma Bareentummaa

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Qubsuma Oromoo Walloo

Wallo qabiyyee gosoota torban Wallooti. Maqaa gosoota torbanii kanaan kan moggaafameedha. Torban Walloo kun eenyu akka ta’an kanaa olitti kaasuun keenya ni yaadatama. Seenaa waa’ee Walloo jedhamu akka qorattoota tokko tokkootti Wallo maqaa gosa tokkoo akka ta’eefi jaarraa 16fa keessa sochii Oromoon gara Itoophiyaa kaabatti godheen booda kan moggaafameedha jedhu. 

Taklatsaadiq Makuriyaas kitaaba “Ye Ahmad Giraany Wararaa” jedhamu keessatti biyyi Wallo jedhamu jalqaba saba Amaaraatiin akka qabamee tureef sochii Oromoon jaarraa 16fa booda godheen maqaan biyyichaa Wallotti akka jijjiirame barreessee ture.

Garuu ragaaleen barreeffamaa jireenyaafi qubsuma Oromoo jaarraa eerame kana dura Itoophiyaa kaabaa keessa agarsiisu muraasa ta’ullee, ragaaleen afoolaafi kan barreeffamaas hiddi latiinsaa kan mul’isu Wallo jaarraa eerame kana duraa qabee biyya Walloo  keessa qubatee akka ture himama. 

Biyyichis qabiyyeesaa akka ture afoolichi ni dhugoomsa. Kana malee hojii qormaata seenaa yeroo dhiyoo keessatti gaggeeffameen sochiifi qubsuma Oromoo Wallo jiru maal akka fakkaatu saboota Afrikaa kaaba bahaa jiran walmaddii qabuun ilaaluun keenya ni yaadatama.

Akkuma Boqonnaa I jalatti sakatta’ame Afrikaa kaaba bahaa ilaaluuf yaalametti Oromoon damee Kuush akka ta’eefi sochiin Oromoos Sochii Kuushota biroo waliin kan walfakkaatuudha. Sochiinsaas kaabaa gara kibbaatti akka ture ibsineerra. Boqonnaa II jalatti jaarraa 16fan dura Oromoon yeroo hinbeekamneef akka achi tureefi yeroo booda gadi dhiibbamaa akka deeme ibsuuf yaalameera.

Sochiin Oromoo Walloo kunis kanumaa waliin walfakkaata. Garuu amantiin Islaamaafi Kiristaanaa kanirratti walfalmaa turan lafa Walloo kanarratti. Haalli Latiinsaafi Qubsuma Oromoo akkasii kun immoo, sabni tokko naannawa duraan jirurraa buqqa’ee gara biraatti akka socho’u taasisaafi kanneen hafan immoo booji’amuun dirqamaan ykn jaalalteen amantiifi eenyummaasaa gatuun (irraanfachuun) akka saboota naannichaatti jiraachuun dirqama ture.

Duula jaarraa 13fa -17fa keessa osoo walirraa hincitin hordoftoota amantii Kiristaanaafi Islaamaa jidduutti waggoota dhibba afurii oliif godhamaa tureen Oromoon Walloo jiruunsaa waan jeeqameef kallattii gara waraanni hinjirreetti namaafi sa’aan sochoo’ee jiraachuun dirqama ture. Gara biraatiin immoo, jeequmsa kana kan dandamatan itti makamanii achumatti hafan. 

Haaluma kanaan, ardoonni Walloo keessatti argaman duraa kaasee qubsuma warra achitti hafanii akka ta’e ragaan afoolaafi barreeffamaa ni mirkaneessu. Kana keessaa barreeffama Arab Faaqii yeroo duula Jihaad gabaasaa ture eeruudhaan, Mahammad Hasan akka ittaanutti ibsee ture. “… The Muslims arrived in the village of Mahib in the country of Warra Qalluu, where they ravaged and burned the countryside.” 

Kunis Warra Qaalluu kan jedhamu jaarraa 16fa dura naannawa Walloo keessa akka ta’eefi Oromoon gosa Qaalluu akka qaama Walloo ture ragaa guddaadha. Kana malees, Arab Faaqii barreeffamasaa keessatti laga Boruu kan jedhamu Warra Qaalluu keessatti akka argamu ibsee ture. 

Warra Qaalluu kan jedhamu gosti torban Walloo kun Walloo Bahaafi Raayyaa Kibbaatti argamu. Laga Boruu kan jedhame Barreessichi eeree ture Borkannaa ta’uu danda’a. Kan biraa barreessaan kun Warri Qaalluu horsiisee bulaa qofa otoo hinta’in qonnaan bulaas akka turan ibsee ture. Yaanni kunis yeroo duraallee Oromoon horsiisee bulaa qofa otoo hinta’in qonna akka beeku mul’isa.

Ragaalee olitti eeramaniifi kan biraarratti hundaa’uun Oromoo Walloo jaarraa 16fa dura Itoophiyaa gara kaabaafi jiddugalaa keessa qubatee jiraachaa akka ture dhugoomsa. Jarreen Sirna Gadaa haala ammayyaatiin tolfatanii deebi’an waan cimaa ta’aniifi warra duraan qabiyyeesaanii irra turaniifi aadaafi amantii saba biraa fudhatanirratti dhiibbaa guddaa gochuun jijjiirama guddaa fidaniiru.

Waa’ee gosa Walloo barreessaan biroo barreesses C. Conti- Rosini jedhama. Akka inni jedhuttis, Wallo kan jedhamu jalqabaaf kan eerame bara1581/82 ture. Ittifufuudhaanis gosti Walloo sadarkaa gosoota adda addaatti kan qoodame bara 1583 ta’uu hinoolle jedha.

Bara kanattis gosoota jajjaboo akka turan ifa godha. Abbaan Baahiree gamasaatiin bara 1593 kitaaba barreesse keessatti gosti Oromoo Walloo jaha akka ta’aniifi kana keessaa sadiin Walloo dhugaa yoo jedhu, kanneen hafan sadaniin immoo Sadacha jedha.

Walloo dhugaafi Sadachaa jedhamee kan addaan baafame kun tarii erga konfedarri ykn gurmuun Booranaafi Bareentummaa uumamee booda ta’uu danda’a. Karaa biraatiin immoo ummamni akkasii kun sababa adda addaarraa kan ka’e gosootiin tokko turan wajjin socho’uu waan hindandeenyeef yeroo addaan bahan kan uummataniidha.

Gama biraatiin haaromsa Gadaa keessatti heeraafi seeraan buluu keessatti rakkoo uumamaan ta’uu kan danda’udha. Kanas ta’e sana gosti tokko gara gosoota xixiqqaa adda addaatti fottoqee mataasaa danda’uuf yoo xiqqaate waggaa 200-250 itti fudhachuu danda’a.

Tilmaama kanaan ragaan C. Conti-Rosiniin dhiyaateefi kan Abbaa Baahireen dhiyaate walcinaa qabnee waggaa 250 duubatti yoo lakkoofne Oromoon Walloo jaarraa 14fa duraa eegalanii bakka qubsuma isaanii ammaa kana qubataniiru jechuudha.

Yajjuu

Oromoota Itoophiyaa kaabaatti argaman keessa Yajjuun isa tokko.  Gosti kun jaarraawwan hedduuf naannawa kana saboota ollaasaa waliin jiraachaa tokkummaa Itoophiyaa ijaaruuf shoora guddaa gumaachaa akka turetu dubbatama.

Maqaa Yejjuu kana ilaalchisee walfalmii seenaa guddaatu ture. Haala kanaan hiika maqaa kanaa beekuun qorattootaafis ta’e dubbistootaaf barbaachisaa waan ta’eef osoo latiinsaafi qubsuma Yajjuu hinilaaliin dura qabxii kanarratti yaada xiqqoo kaasuun barbaachisaadha.

Jecha Yajjuu jedhu ilaalchisee yaada adda addaatu jira. Ragaalee kanneen keessaa lama hiika maqaasaafi jechasaa kan ilaallatu ta’ee adda addummaa qabu. Ragaan biroo immoo jecha Yajjuu jedhu osoo hinargatin dura hiika inni qabu kan ilaallatuudha. Ragaalee waa’ee hiikasaa ibsan keessaa tokko akkana jedha.

…. Dur maqaan biyya Yajjuu kanaa Gannatee jedhama.  Booda garuu namtichi tokko mana Sagadaa Kiristaanaa keessatti luba olaanaa (Moloksee) beekamaa tokkotti waan inaafeef maqaasaa balleessuuf ka’e. Namtichi kunis nama ajjeesee nyaata Moloksee kanaa keessa harka namticha du’ee sana, Ittoo (waxii) keessa buusuun iddoo biyyi (namoonni) walga’anii nyaatanitti laaqana Moloksee kanaaf dhiyeesse….Molokseen kunis harka namaa ittoo kana keessatti waan argeef rifatee namticha nyaata kana qopheesse ofitti waamuun “Kun maalii?” jedhee gaafate… Namtichis “Nyaata keessan kan barame malee maaltu waan addaa ta’e?” jechuun namoota fuuldurratti deebiseef.

Kana booda Molokseen kun aaree maraachuun biyya san abaaree bade. Kana booda otoo hinturiin namtichi nyaata keessa harka namaa godhee dhiheesse sun dhukkubsatee (maraatee) du’e.  Namoonni hojii Waaqa kanaa hubatan ykn hojii namticha du’ee kana beekan “Ya ijjuun aaganya” (kan harkasaa argate) jechuun dubbatan. Kana booda biyyi tun “Gannatee” ta’uunshee hafee “Yajjuu” jedhamuun akka waamamuu jalqabdetu dubbatama.

Ragaa waraabbii olitti ibsame keessatti, jechi Yajjuu Afaan Amaaraarraa akka moggaafame agarsiisa. Karaa biraatiin Oromoonni Marsaafi Urgeessaa jiraataniifi aadaa Oromoo beekan immoo akkana jedhu.

  ….Maqaan Yajjuu jedhamu kun jecha Afaan Oromooti. Kunis moortuu jechuudha(jajjuu). Jechi kunis maqaa allaattii takkaan walkipha. Allaattiin tun jajjuu ykn urunguu jedhamti. Allaattiin tun halkan iyyiti ykn waan nyaattu funaannatti. Dur tulluuwwan naannawa Waldiyaafi Marsaa  bosonaan waan uwwifamaniif allaattiin kun heddumminaan akka jiraachaa turantu  dubbatama.

Ragaa sadaffaan immoo jechi Yajjuu jedhu jecha Gannatee jedhurraa madde isa jedhu faallessa. Warri ragaa kana ibsan Oromoo Yajjuurraa kan dhalate Raas Alii I aangoosaa Gondaritti erga qabatee booda  naannawa Waldiyaatti mana amantii tokko ijaare.  Maqaa mana amantichaas “Gannata Li’ul” jedhee moggaase. Kana booda Yajjuu hunduu “Gannatee” jedhamee waamamuu jalqabe jedhu. Haa ta’u malee maqaan Gannatee jedhamu kun hundeeffama mana amantii sana dura Oromoota Yajjuu biratti hinbeekamu.

Kanaa olitti waa’ee maqaa Yajjuu hiika ibsuuf hir’ina maal qabu? akkasumas maqaan Yajjuu jedhu osoo hinmoggaafamin dura Gannatee jedhama  isa jedhu wanti shakkisiisaa godhu sababoota lama. Tokkoffaa maqaan Gannatee jedhu mana amantii jaarraa 18fa keessa ijaarameef moggaasa maqaa kennameef ta’uu ibsu. Haa ta’u malee maqaan Yajjuu jedhu jaarraa 16fa dura waan moggaafameef maqaan Gannatee jedhu haala hinfakkaanneen moggaafamee qaama afoolichaa ta’e.

Lammaffaa akkuma armaan olitti  ibsuuf yaalletti bara waraana Ahmad Giraany dura maqaan Yajjuu jedhu moggaafamee turuu isaa erga ibsinee maqaan Gannatee jedhu eessaa dhuferee? Lammaffaa maqaa Gannatee jedhu kana wanti shakkisiisaa godhu jira.

Kunis maqaan naannoo tokkoo maqaa abaarsaa tokkotti moggaafamuu tasumaa hin yaadamu. Garuu warri booda dhufan naannichi maqaa abaarsaatiin moggaafame jechuu danda’u. Haa ta’u malee maqaa abaarsaatiin jecha moggaafame kana ummanni akkamitti tole jedhanii fudhatan gaaffii jedhu kaasuu danda’a. Karaa biraatiin afoola manguddoota Amaararraa argameen eessumattuu taanaan nama ajjeesanii haala nyaataatiin dhiyeessan inni jedhu mammaaksa yoo ta’e malee qabatamaa ta’uu hin danda’u.

Ummattoota hedduu biratti ajjeechaa wajjin walqabatee aadaa hedduun yoo ka’eyyuu ajjeechaan kan diina wajjin taasifamu haalli isaas seera kan hordofu ta’a. Kanaaf bara durii ummata sadarkaa jireenya isaatiin duubatti hafaa ture birattis yoo ta’e nama ajjeesanii waltajjiitti baasanii agarsiisaaf nyaataaf dhiyeessuun kan barame miti.

Sababoota kanaan maqaa Yajjuu jedhuuf “Ye ijjuun aganya” isa jedhurraa madde inni jedhus shakkisiisaadha. Waraabbii afoola lammataa kan manguddoota Oromoo irratti ragaan dhiyaate naannawa sanatti allaattiin Jajjuu jedhamtu baay’inaan waan argamtuuf galgala galgala iyya ishiin dhaggeessifturraa ka’ee moggaafame kan jedhuudha.

Dhuguma Oromoo birattis haa ta’u saboota biroo keessatti naannawasaaniitti waan adda ta’e tokko yoo jiraate maqaa itti moggaasu. Fakkeenyaaf bakkatti jaldeessi baay’atutti maqaa Jaldu jedhamu moggaasu. Akkasumas bakka mukti Harbuu baay’atutti maqaa naannawa sanaa Harbuu jedhanii moggaasu. Bakka Ejersi baay’atutti Ejersa jedhu. Haa ta’u malee maqaan Yajjuu jedhu bara mootummaa Ahmad Giraany dura erga turee ragaan kun barreeffamaan kan hinturre waan ta’eef bara dheeraa kanaaf afoolaan yaadatamaa tureera jechuun ni rakkisa. Ragaa barreeffamaa tokko tokko keessatti Oromoonni Yajjuu maqaa warra Shee jedhamuun eeramaniiru. Maqaan kun eessaa madde kan jedhuuf deebiin barbaachisaadha.

                                                                                             Ittifufa…

Gaazexaa Bariisaa Mudde 10/2013  

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