المحلل السياسي الاستاذ عبد الشكور عبد الصمد: اثيوبيا في حاجة الي مؤانئ تتشارك فيها مع الدول التي تستخدمها من اجل تعزيز الامن القومى و النمو الاقتصادي
سمراي كحساي
قال الدكتور عبد الرحمن احمد المتخصص في العلاقات الدولية إن المنفذ البحري لاثيوبيا مهم جدا من عدة نواحي فمن الناحية التاريخية كانت اثيوبيا قبل انفصال اريتريا دولة تتمتع بمنفذ بحري كبير جدا مما اعطي لايثوبيا موقع جغرافي مهم .
وفي مقابلة مع صحيفة العلم قال الدكتور عبد الرحمن احمد المتخصص في العلاقات الدولية انه من الناحية الاقتصادية تستطيع اثيوبيا من الاستفادة من تجارة الصادرات بسبب الموقع الاستراتيجي على باب المندب والبحر الاحمر والمحيط الهندي .
واضاف الدكتور عبد الرحمن احمد ان اثيوبيا كان لها نفوذ واسع في هذه المنطقة المهمة تاريخيا و كان لاثيوبيا صوت مسموع على المستوى الاقليمي والدولي مما كان له اثر ايجابي في علاقة اثيوبيا مع العالم الخارجي .
واشار الي ان اثيوبيا دولة كبيرة المساحة ومن حيث تعداد السكان حيث يبلغ عدد السكان الان ما يقرب 125 مليون نسمة وخلال السنوات القادمة سيرتفع هذا العدد الى 150 مليون فهي الدولة الثانية في افريقيا بعد نيجيريا من حيث عدد السكان .
وقال ان العدد المتزايد من السكان يفرض على دولة اثيوبيا ان يكون لديها منفذ بحري وهذا المنفذ البحري سيساعد اثيوبيا في ايضا تصدير المنتجات المحلية والاستيراد من الخارج لان متطلبات الحياة يوميا تزداد كل يوم لذلك سيكون هناك حوجة ماسة للمنفذ البحري.
واشار الي ان القانون الدولي يمنح اثيوبيا الحق في ان يكون لها وغيرها من الدول الحبيسة منفذ بحري وهوما تطرق اليه رئيس الوزراء مؤخرا لان الدولة التي لا تتمتع بمنفذ بحري تكون تحت رحمة الدول الاخرى التي اجرت منها و هنا يأتي الخطر على الامن القومي .
وقال ان المنفذ البحري مهم من الناحية الاقتصادية ومن الناحية الامنية ومن ناحية المكانة الاقليمية لإثوبيا وان على إثيوبيا ان تطالب هذه الدول بميناء او بمنفذ بحري على البحر الاحمر او على المحيط الهندي بكل الوسائل السلمية .
ومن جانبه قال المحلل السياسي الاستاذ عبد الشكور عبد الصمد في مقابلة مع صحيفة العلم إن موضوع المنفذ البحري بالنسبة لأثيوبيا مهم جدا أولا باعتبار ان أثيوبيا عندها رؤية ومشروع لأن تحقيق نمو اقتصادي مستهدف للعقود القادمة وباعتبارها ثاني أكبر دولة من حيث عدد السكان في أفريقيا وثاني اقتصاد في أفريقيا وبالتالي هي تسعى لأن تحقق تنمية اقتصادية.
و اضاف ان اثيوبيا تطمح الي تحقيق النمو الاقتصادي من خلال تعزيز تجارة الصادرات وانها لن تستطيع تحقيق الهدف المقصود من خلال استخدام ميناء جيبوتي وحده لذلك هي في حاجة الي منفذ بحري يسهل تجارة الصادرات لان ميناء جيبوتي لايكفي وحده لتجارة الصادرات حيث يحدث تأخير أحياناً الي أسبوع أو اسبوعين كما هناك الكثير من الضرر الذي يصيب الصادرات الأثيوبية لذلك فان اثيوبيا في امس الحاجة ليكون لديها ميناء.
واشار الي ان التكلفة التى تتكبدها اثيوبيا من ايجارها لميناء جيبوتي تقريبا تمثل ربع الناتج القومى حيث تبلغ اكثر من 2.5 الى 3 مليار دولار وهذا رقم كبير جدا من ميزانية الدولة والاقتصاد الوطني.
واضاف ان جيبوتي عندما تؤجر موانئها كقواعد لدول مختلفة فان قيمة التكلفة لا تساوي ربع تكلفة ايجار اثيوبيا لذلك فان اثيبويا لوحدها تدفع اكثر من ثلاث اضعاف ما تدفعه مجموعة دول عندها قواعد في جيبوتي
وقال ان اثيوبيا في حاجة الي مؤانئ تتشارك فيها مع الدول التي تستخدمها من اجل تعزيز الامن القومى و النمو الاقتصادي وان ذلك سيعمل على تعزيز التعاون والتكامل الاقتصادي والاستقرار السياسي والامني بين دول القرن الافريقي بشكل افضل مما هو عليه حاليا .
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